The BlackBerry Models

Models

• Early pager models: 850, 857, 950, 957
• Monochrome Java-based series: 5000, 6000
• First color series: 7200, 7500, 7700
• First SureType phone series: 7100
• Modern BlackBerry series (2006–2008): 8000–8830 including: BlackBerry 8800, BlackBerry Pearl, BlackBerry Pearl Flip and BlackBerry Curve 8300
• Latest BlackBerry models (2008–2009): 8900+ GPS Wi-Fi series: BlackBerry Bold (9000), BlackBerry Curve 8900, BlackBerry Tour (9630), BlackBerry Storm (9500/9530), BlackBerry Curve 8520/8530
• BlackBerry Storm 2 (9520/9550) (2009): BlackBerry Storm2
• BlackBerry Bold series (2009): BlackBerry Bold 9700
• BlackBerry Bold series (2010): BlackBerry Bold 9650
• BlackBerry Bold series (2010): BlackBerry Bold 9780
• BlackBerry Bold series (2011): BlackBerry Bold 9900/9930
• BlackBerry Pearl series (2010): BlackBerry Pearl 3G 9100/9105
• BlackBerry Torch series (2010): BlackBerry Torch 9800
• BlackBerry Torch series (2011): BlackBerry Torch 9810
• BlackBerry Torch series (2011): BlackBerry Torch 9850/9860
• BlackBerry Curve series (2010): BlackBerry 9300/9330
• BlackBerry Curve series (2011): BlackBerry 9350/9360/9370
• BlackBerry Style 9670 (2010):

BlackBerry PIN

BlackBerry PIN is an eight character hexadecimal identification number assigned to each BlackBerry device. PINs cannot be changed manually on the device (though BlackBerry technicians are able to reset or update a PIN server-side), and are locked to each specific BlackBerry. BlackBerrys can message each other using the PIN directly or by using the BlackBerry Messenger application. BlackBerry PINs are tracked by BlackBerry Enterprise Servers, and the BlackBerry Internet Service, and are used to direct messages to a BlackBerry device. Emails and any other messages, such as those from the BlackBerry Push Service, are typically directed to a BlackBerry's PIN. The message can then be routed by a RIM Network Operations Center, and sent to a carrier, which will deliver the message the last mile to the device.

RIM patent infringement litigation

In 2000 NTP sent notice of its wireless email patents to a number of companies and offered to license the patents to them. NTP brought a patent-infringement lawsuit against one of the companies, Research In Motion, in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia. This court is well-known for its strict adherence to timetables and deadlines, sometimes referred to as the "rocket docket", and is particularly efficient at trying patent cases.
The jury eventually found that the NTP patents were valid, that RIM had infringed them, that the infringement had been "willful," and that the infringement had cost NTP $33 million in damages (the greater of a reasonable royalty or lost profits). The judge, James R. Spencer, increased the damages to $53 million as a punitive measure because the infringement had been willful. He also instructed RIM to pay NTP's legal fees of $4.5 million and issued an injunction ordering RIM to cease and desist infringing the patents. This would have shut down the BlackBerry systems in the US. RIM appealed all of the findings of the court. The injunction and other remedies were stayed pending the outcome of the appeals.
In March 2005 during the appeals process, RIM and NTP tried to negotiate a settlement of their dispute; the settlement was to be for $450 million. Negotiations broke down due to other issues. On June 10, 2005, the matter returned to the courts. In early November 2005 the US Department of Justice filed a brief requesting that RIM's service be allowed to continue because of the large number of BlackBerry users in the US Federal Government.
In January 2006 the US Supreme Court refused to hear RIM's appeal of the holding of liability for patent infringement, and the matter was returned to a lower court. The prior granted injunction preventing all RIM sales in the US and use of the BlackBerry device might have been enforced by the presiding district court judge had the two parties been unable to reach a settlement.
On February 9, 2006, the US Department of Defense (DOD) filed a brief stating that an injunction shutting down the BlackBerry service while excluding government users was unworkable. The DOD also stated that the BlackBerry was crucial for national security given the large number of government users.
On February 9, 2006, RIM announced that it had developed software workarounds that would not infringe the NTP patents, and would implement those if the injunction was enforced.
On March 3, 2006, after a stern warning from Judge Spencer, RIM and NTP announced that they had settled their dispute. Under the terms of the settlement, RIM has agreed to pay NTP $612.5 million (USD) in a “full and final settlement of all claims.” In a statement, RIM said that “all terms of the agreement have been finalized and the litigation against RIM has been dismissed by a court order this afternoon. The agreement eliminates the need for any further court proceedings or decisions relating to damages or injunctive relief.” The settlement amount is believed low by some analysts, because of the absence of any future royalties on the technology in question.

Certification

A first generation BlackBerry Bold

• BCESA (BlackBerry Certified Enterprise Sales Associate, BCESA40 in full) is a BlackBerry Certification for professional users of RIM (Research In Motion) BlackBerry wireless email devices.

The Certification requires the user to pass several exams relating to the BlackBerry Device, all its functions including Desktop software and providing technical support to Customers of BlackBerry Devices.
The BCESA, BlackBerry Certified Enterprise Sales Associate qualification, is the first of three levels of professional BlackBerry Certification.

• BCTA (BlackBerry Certified Technical Associate)
• BlackBerry Certified Support Associate T2

More information on certifications is on the Blackberry.com website.
The BlackBerry Technical Certifications available are:

• BlackBerry Certified Enterprise Server Consultant (BCESC)
• BlackBerry Certified Server Support Technician (BCSST)
• BlackBerry Certified Support Technician (BCST)

The encryption features make it extremely safe and Blackberry devices suitable for use by state forces

The use by government forces

An example is the British police, which has allowed the increase in the presence of agents along the streets and a reduction in public spending, given that each agent could perform the work desk directly via the mobile device, as well as in several other areas and situations.
The President of the United States, Barack Obama, became known for his dependence on a BlackBerry device for communication during his 2008 presidential campaign. Despite the security issues, he insisted on using it even after inauguration, becoming the first President of the United States to use mobile email. This was seen by some as akin to a "celebrity endorsement," which marketing experts have estimated to be worth between $25 and $50 million.

Competition

The primary competitors of the BlackBerry are smartphones running Android, iOS, webOS, and Windows Phone 7. Blackberry users have defended its utility over the iPhone, supporting its physical keyboard, secure e-mail, and applications such as BlackBerry Messenger. RIM reported in June 2010 that they had sold up to 100 million BlackBerry phones, including record sales in their first trimester.
During 2010, RIM sold 47.5 million mobile phones, an increase of 38 percent year-on-year. The performance in Q4 2010 was particularly strong in Indonesia, United Kingdom, and the Netherlands.

Government regulation

Some countries have expressed reservations about BlackBerry's strong encryption and the fact that data is routed through Research In Motion's servers, which are outside the legal jurisdictions of those countries. The United Arab Emirates  considering the BlackBerry as a "security threat" for this reason, with the former having earlier been reported as trying to get users to install an "update" on their BlackBerry devices, ostensibly for performance enhancement, but which turned out to be spyware that allowed phone call and email monitoring. The update and subsequent performance deteriorating spyware were reportedly generated by UAE company Etisalat, about which it commented minimally. When questioned in a BBC Click interview about how Research in Motion has responded to the demands of India and other governments in the Middle East, RIM co-CEO Mike Lazaridis objected to the questioning and said the interview was over.
Other countries threatening to ban the use of the BlackBerry Messenger include Algeria, Indonesia, India, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia.

United Arab Emirates

On August 1, 2010 Telecommunication Regulatory Authority (TRA) of The United Arab Emirates officially announced the suspension of BlackBerry Messenger, BlackBerry Email, and BlackBerry Web browsing services in the country as of October 11, 2010. This measure was taken due to failed attempts in having the service hosted locally as per the UAE Telecommunication regulations.
On October 8, 2010 the TRA officially announced that the BlackBerry services such as BBM, email, and web browsing will continue to work as before.

Indonesia

On January 10, 2011 RIM agreed to install web filters in the Indonesian market, following the request by Indonesia's Ministry of Communication and Information Technology to filter pornographic websites.^[41] On January 17, 2011 RIM met Indonesia's Communications and Information Technology minister and signed a commitment to abide the law. The deadline was January 21, 2011.^[42] Shortly before the deadline, Blackberry filtered all adult content in Indonesia. Furthermore, RIM is in discussions with the Indonesian Ministry of Information to build a local server network of aggregrators to cut communications costs, to hire more local workers, and plans to establish 40 service centers in Indonesia.

India

Indian authorities have asked RIM to provide means to access the encrypted data for calls to, from, or within India, following concerns that it could be used by terrorist and rebel groups to carry out attacks on India. In the November 2008 Mumbai attacks, terrorists used mobile and satellite phone technologies after which security agencies and the Indian government have become more strict and alert towards communication within the country. BlackBerry has indicated willingness to set up a server in India by October, 2010 and giving the country limited access to its encryption technology. However, this will only apply to personal devices which route via RIM's infrastructure: organisations providing their own BlackBerry Enterprise Server will continue to have encrypted message flow, to which even RIM themselves will not have access. On January 31, 2011 India refused a limited access offer and demanded full access.

Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia has since reportedly continued its service of BlackBerry Messenger. Saudi Arabia has also threatened to ban the service, but it was reported close to reaching an agreement with RIM to set up a server for the service inside the Kingdom.

In 2010 the government officials of Barbados announced a sharp increase in crime due to thefts of cell phones, with BlackBerrys being the usual target. The Commissioner of police in the country announced steps were being taken to make stolen BlackBerry devices less attractive in the country.

Nicknames

BlackBerry is widely referred to as "CrackBerry" in Canada and the United States, which alludes to its excessive use by its owners and is a reference to the addictiveness of crack cocaine. Use of the term CrackBerry became so widespread that in November 2006 Webster's New World College Dictionary named "crackberry" the "New Word of the Year." Jeremy Clarkson from Top Gear, usually refers it as a "Raspberry".

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